Process for making hose



F. B. WILLIAMSON, JR 1,997,618

PROCESS FOR MAKING HOSE Original Filed June 13, 1931" 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April' 16, 1935. F. B. WILLIAMSON, JR "1,997,618

" I PROCESS FOR MAKING HOSE Qriginal Filed June 13, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F1 "I3. 1U.

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gwntw fizm q w %/m United States Patent Oflice on June 13, 1931.

Patented Apr. 16, 1935 rnocsss ron mxmo'nosn Frederick Beasley Williamson, Jr Elizabeth, N.-J., assignor to The Whitehead Bros. Rubber 00., Trenton, N. .L, a corporation of New Jersey Original application June 13, 1931, Serial No.

544,257. Divided and this application October 1a, 1932, Serial No. 638,425

2 Claims.

My invention consists in a new and useful improvement in the processof producing hose, and this application is a. divisional application from my application Serial Number 544,257, filed in the y improved process is designed to provide a hose which may be used for both pressure and suction purposes, which is to say that the hose produced by my improved process may be used as a conduit for fluids under pressure in which uses it is adapted to withstand heavy pressure from within exerted outwardly, and it may be used also as a suction hose inwhich uses it is adapted to withstand pressure from without exerted inwardly.

The important novel feature of my improved process is the provision of a resistant wall coated by an impervious lining upon its inner side and I an impervious cover upon its outer side, in such a. manner that the material of the inner lining and the outer cover passing through the resistant wall coalesce to form an homogeneous mass.

The pressure resistant element of my hose is a woven fabric wall in which the strength element is secured by the spiral arrangement of a resilient wire of suillcient resistance quality as-to resists such pressures as may be exerted on either side of this wall, in any uses for which my hose is designed to be used. To this resistant wall, by my improved process I apply a lining of rubber or other suitable impervious material. I am aware that it is known practice to make pressure hose with a resistance wall and a lining of rubber. However, such pressure hose cannot be used as a suction hose, since the atmospheric pressure cause the collapse of the inner rubber lining.

In other words, in the ordinary form of pressure hose, the pressure wall affords protection against'. pressure in only one direction, viz. outward pres sure. However, by my improved process an outer impervious covering is provided for the resistant wall.

I- am aware that itis known practice to make suction hose with a resistance wall having a cover of rubber or suitable material. However, such suction hose cannot be used as a pressure hose, since the outer rubber cover, though preventing air from passing through the resistant wall when the hose is used for suction, will expand away from the resistant'wall, if the hose is used as a pressure hose, since the fluid under pressure passes through the resistant wall and expands the outer rubber cover.

pens, the resistant wall, being separated from its when this haprubber cover, is liable to displacement injuring the hose. I I

But by providing, by my improved process, the inner rubber lining I prevent the passage of the fluid under pressure through the resistant wall, and thus avoid any expansion ofthe outer rubber wall.

My improved process by which I relate the resistant wall and the inner and outer rubber walls consists-in the following steps. I fabricate my re- 10 sistant wall, composed of the helical resilient wire and cotton woof threads and the cotton warp threads, in such a manner that interstices are afforded therein. Then when the rubber inner wall is applied to the resistant wall the particles 15 of rubber penetrate these interstices. Then when the rubber outer wall is applied, the particles of the inner rubber wall and the particles of the outer rubber wall coalesce. The result is to form a substantially homogeneous product in which 20. the fabric of the resistant wall is incorporated in the rubber. I

While I have illustrated diagrammatically in the drawings flied herewith the various steps of my improved process, it is to be distinctly under- 26 stood that I do not consider my invention limited thereby but refer for its scopeto the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a'front elevation of a fragment of the 30 woven resistant wall, as it appears while in the loom, the resilient woof thread being expanded and the weave being open.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of'the fragment as it ap pears after removal from the loom, the resilient 35 woof thread being released and twisting the warp threads to close the weave.

1 Fig. 3 is a similar view of the fragment as it appears when the resistant wall being restored to the inner lining of rubber applied thereto.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the fragment as it appears when the resistant wall has. been released, the resilient woof thread tending to compress the weave and extrude the particles of the rubber lining.

Fig 5 is a section on line I of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2.-

Fig. '7 is a section on the line of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8' is a lateral section of the fragment of the completed hose.

Fig. 9 is a section'on the line 89 of F18. 1.

Fig. 10 is a section on the line lfl-IO of Fig. 3.

Fig. 11 is a. transverse section of the fragment of the completed hose.

the position indicated in Fig. 1 by twisting has had 40 As illustrated in the drawings the resistant wall is composed of the spiral woof thread I of cotton and the spiral woof thread 2 of resilient wire so d igned as to tend to twist the wall when unrestrained, and the cotton warp threads I. As clearly indicated in Fig. 1, the method of weaving this resistant wall is such as to provide an open weave producing interstices '4. It is obvious from a comparison of Figs. 1 and 2 that the resiliency of the wire woof thread 2 causes the wall to twist when the wire 2 is released on removal from the loom, causing the warp threads I to spiral, as shown in Fig. 2, thus tending to close the weave.

When the inner rubber lining I is to be applied to the resistant wall, the wall is untwisted and held in such form, to cause the weave to open, in order that the lining I may pass through and 1111 the interstices 4 with fillers I, as shown in Figs. 3 and 10.

I have found by experience that I can apply the inner rubber lining I directly to the resistant wall while it is still in the loom, the weave being open. I do this by applying the inner wall of rubber to a removable mandrel, while the rubber is in a condition of plasticity and then running this rubber lining I, on the mandrel, through the loom, thus applying the lining I to the resistant wall while its weave is still open. between the shuttle and the take-oil.

- After the interstices-4 have become packed with The outer covering wall of rubber! is then applied which coalesces with the portions I and I of the inner rubber lining I.

Thus it is obvious that by my improved process I can produce a hose having a resistant wall incorporated in the rubber which forms an impervious inner lining and an impervious outer cover. The character of this product thus produced by my improved process is such that it may be used both as a pressure hose and as a suction hose.

Having described my invention, what I claim a:

l. The process of making a pressure and suction hose which consists in twisting a helical resilient coil of wire constituting the woof of a woven tubular fabric thereby opening the meshes of the fabric, applying a lining of rubber material under pressure to the fabric and through the meshes while said coil is deformed and twisted, extruding said rubber material through the meshes by untwlsting said 0011. and applying an outer covering to the wall and to the extruded portions of the lining.

2. In the manufacture of hose having a tubular fabric wall covered inside and outside with rubber, the improvement which consists in incorporating a helical resilient coil of wire in the fabric wall, opening the meshes of the fabric by twisting said coil and applying rubber material through the opened meshes under pressure, and extruding said rubber material through the meshes by the pressure of said coil due to its tendency to return to normal condition.

FREDERICK B. WIILIAMBON, JR. 

